Roma 3:19

3:19 Now we know that whatever the law says, it says to those who are under ¹  the law, so that every mouth may be silenced and the whole world may be held accountable to God.

Roma 4:12

4:12 And he is also the father of the circumcised, ²  who are not only circumcised, but who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham possessed when he was still uncircumcised. ³ 

Roma 10:19

10:19 But again I ask, didn’t Israel understand? ⁴  First Moses says, “I will make you jealous by those who are not a nation; with a senseless nation I will provoke you to anger.” ⁵ 

Roma 11:11

11:11 I ask then, they did not stumble into an irrevocable fall, ⁶  did they? Absolutely not! But by their transgression salvation has come to the Gentiles, to make Israel ⁷  jealous.

Roma 12:2

12:2 Do not be conformed ⁸  to this present world, ⁹  but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, so that you may test and approve ¹⁰  what is the will of God – what is good and well-pleasing and perfect.

Roma 15:9

15:9 and thus the Gentiles glorify God for his mercy. ¹¹  As it is written, “Because of this I will confess you among the Gentiles, and I will sing praises to your name.” ¹² 

[3:19]  ¹ tn Grk “in,” “in connection with.”

[4:12]  ² tn Grk “the father of circumcision.”

[4:12]  ³ tn Grk “the ‘in-uncircumcision faith’ of our father Abraham.”

[10:19]  ⁴ tn Grk “Israel did not ‘not know,’ did he?” The double negative in Greek has been translated as a positive affirmation for clarity (see v. 18 above for a similar situation).

[10:19]  ⁵ sn A quotation from Deut 32:21.

[11:11]  ⁶ tn Grk “that they might fall.”

[11:11]  ⁷ tn Grk “them”; the referent (Israel, cf. 11:7) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[12:2]  ⁸ tn Although συσχηματίζεσθε (suschmatizesqe) could be either a passive or middle, the passive is more likely since it would otherwise have to be a direct middle (“conform yourselves”) and, as such, would be quite rare for NT Greek. It is very telling that being “conformed” to the present world is viewed as a passive notion, for it may suggest that it happens, in part, subconsciously. At the same time, the passive could well be a “permissive passive,” suggesting that there may be some consciousness of the conformity taking place. Most likely, it is a combination of both.

[12:2]  ⁹ tn Grk “to this age.”

[12:2]  ¹⁰ sn The verb translated test and approve (δοκιμάζω, dokimazw) carries the sense of “test with a positive outcome,” “test so as to approve.”

[15:9]  ¹¹ tn There are two major syntactical alternatives which are both awkward: (1) One could make “glorify” dependent on “Christ has become a minister” and coordinate with “to confirm” and the result would be rendered “Christ has become a minister of circumcision to confirm the promises…and so that the Gentiles might glorify God.” (2) One could make “glorify” dependent on “I tell you” and coordinate with “Christ has become a minister” and the result would be rendered “I tell you that Christ has become a minister of circumcision…and that the Gentiles glorify God.” The second rendering is preferred.

[15:9]  ¹² sn A quotation from Ps 18:49.